TuB’Shevat
The main festival which takes place during this Hebrew month is dated on the 15th of Shevat, which is know as Tu B'shevat, this is known as the festival of the new year for trees (Mishna Rosh Hashana 1a).

It is customary during this day to say blessings on the fruits and species which fames the land of Israel. Many ‘Bracha’ parties take place on this day, to celebrate this wonderful festival of the New Year for Trees., Pomegranates, Olives and also Dates (Devarim 8:8).
Tu B'Shevat is also the New Year for the purpose of calculating the age of trees for t
ithing. The Torah states that fruit from trees which were grown in the land of Israel can not be eaten during the first three years; the fourth year's fruit is for G-d, and after that, the fruit may be eaten (Vayikra 19: 23/25).
Each tree is actually considered to have aged one year on the date of Tu B'Shevat (15th Shevat), no matter at what time in the year it was planted.
We actually learn these laws in the book of Devarim in the reading of parshah
Re’ay. The parshah talks about the rewards for observing the laws within regards to tithes (Devarim 14:28/29).
This is the season in that the earliest-blooming trees in the Land of Israel
emerge from their winter phase and begin a new fruit budding bearing cycle.
In Israel, it is customary for the Jews to plant trees on Tu B'Shevat. Outside of Israel, many Jews collect funds for planting trees in Israel.
Many Jews also make a special Seder on Tu B’Shevat which is similar to the Pesach Seder. This tradition started with Jewish mystics but now is becoming more prevalent among Jews who are interested in environmental initiatives.
Many people pray on this day for a beautiful, unblemished etrog, symbolic of righteous Jews, in order to aesthetically perform the mitzvah as best as possible when the time of Sukkot comes, by having a beaut
iful etrog.
On Tu B'Shevat, just the beginning of springtime, the tree's potential, the fruit, is yet to be seen. However, we rejoice, that we are so faithful that in a few weeks' time the tree will bear fruit. From this we learn a lesson, in life, things may not go are way some times or we may see that it doesn’t go our way all of the time, but if we have true faith, Hashem has his plan and does everything for the best in the long run!!
Hope you all had a fantastic Shabbat, we will be reading parshat Yitro this week. This Dvar Torah is sponsered by Nina.
PARSHAT VAYESHEV
The reading starts as Yaakov moved in to the land of Canaan. His favorite son, Yosef, brought him false reports about his brothers, accusing his brothers of various misdeeds. This instituted Lashon Hara on his part and also Yosef failed to judge his brothers favorably (Bereishit 37:2). The Talmud teaches us that the way one judges an individual, Hashem will judge the other person in retribution. Giving the benefit of the doubt in an average case is always good as Hashem will in turn give that person the benefit of the doubt in effect.
Yaakov made Yosef a multi-colored coat of woolen strips. This in turn triggered off further hatred and jealously by the other brothers. Yosef furthermore increased his brothers’ jealousy by relating prophetic dreams of sheaves of wheat bowing to his sheaf, and of the sun, moon and stars bowing to him, signifying that all his family will appoint him king (Bereishit 37:7).
The brothers really believed that Yosef was following the footsteps of their wicked ancestors, Eisav and Ishmael and believed he was potentially a big problem in the family and resolved to execute him.
When Yosef came to Shechem at a later date to find his brothers at work, the brothers saw him from a far and relented and decided to kill him (Bereishit 37:18). However Reuven pleaded with them, to throw him into a pit instead, thus saving his life. In fact Reuven was in a period of repenting after a major transgression he performed in previous years, and many people use him as the benchmark on how an individual should repent if transgressing, he was sincere and repented out of love of Hashem not fear.
Yehuda then persuaded the brothers to take Yosef out of the pit and sell him to a caravan of passing Ishmaelites, selling him off as a slave. Reuven returned shortly after, to find the pit empty and then rended his clothes, believing Yosef was dead.
The brothers soaked Yosef’s multi colored tunic in goat’s blood and showed it to Yaakov, who assumed that Yosef has been killed by a wild beast (Bereishit 37:31). Yaakov was absolutely distraught.
Meanwhile, in Egypt, Yosef had been sold to a man named Potiphar, Pharaoh’s Chamberlain of the Butchers.
The Torah reading then extraordinarily changes its theme and concentrates on Yehuda’s journey as he moves away from his family;
Yehuda married and had three sons. His eldest son, Er died as punishment for preventing his wife Tamar from becoming pregnant. Onan, Yehuda’s second son, then married Tamar by levirate marriage (yibum). He was also punished in similar circumstances. Then as Yehuda’s wife died, Tamar resolved to have children through Yehuda, as at this point she couldn’t marry anyone else as Yehudah still had a young son, whom he hadn’t given to Tamar to marry. The union between Yehudah and Tamar actually founded the Davidic line culminating in the Messiah. Tamar gave birth to a pair of twins, Peretz and Zerach (Bereishit 38:37).
Meanwhile, Yosef rose to power in the house of his Egyptian master, Potiphar. His extreme beauty attracted the unwanted advances of his master’s wife.
She continuously harassed Yosef, and he kept rejecting her. Enraged by his rejections, she accused Yosef of attempting to seduce her, and Potiphar in turn imprisoned him. (Bereishit Rabba 87)
Yosef then made a huge in impact in prison, changing many of the prisoners lives and became a popular figure there. In the tenth year of his stay, Yosef successfully predicted the outcome of the dream of Pharaoh’s Butler, who was reinstated to his position as Butler, giving a favorable interpretation.
However, the dream of Pharaoh’s baker, Had a less favorable interpretation, resulting in the baker being executed. Due to his successful interpretation of the butler’s dream he requested him to inform his expertise of dream interpreting to Pharaoh, who in turn would release him from Prison, however due to his great trust in the butler, Hashem extended his prison tenure by another two years, totaling his prison sentence to 12 years, a year for each of his brothers he slandered and the two extra years for having a lack of faith in Hashem.
The Haftorah for this weeks reading is taken from the book of Amos, chapters 2 and 3 respectively. I would like to dedicate this Dvar Torah to the Yahrzeit of my Uncle, ‘Dovid Ben Shalom Shlomo.’
Gid Hanashe
לג עַל-כֵּן לֹא-יֹאכְלוּ בְנֵי-יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת-גִּיד הַנָּשֶׁה,
אֲשֶׁר עַל-כַּף הַיָּרֵךְ, עַד, הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה:
PARSHAT VAYISHLACH
Dvar Torah - BY Michael Zerubavel
After leaving Lavan’s territory, Yaakov sent angelic messengers to find out about Aisav’s whereabouts. The messengers returned, informing Yaakov that Eisav was approaching with an army of 400 people, potentially looking for revenge on the blessings which Yaakov had rightfully taken (Bereishit Rabbah 75:12).
Yaakov immediately prepared for war, a preparation which many Jews would model on, later on the years. He divided his camp in two, if one falls the other would survive; he prayed to Hashem for aid during the war and finally he prepared a most lavish gift for Aisav, to appease/ bribe him, in order to avoid the fight.
On the eve of the encounter, Yaakov met the ‘angel’ of Aisav; they wrestled throughout the night, Yaakov emerged victorious however he was left with an injured sinew in his thigh (which is the reason that it is forbidden to eat the sciatic nerve of a kosher animal).
The angel informed him that his name in the future will be Yisrael, signifying that he has prevailed against man (Lavan) and the supernatural (the angel of Eisav). (Midrash Lekach Tov)
Yaakov and Eisav then met the following day and at the sight of each other embraced each other, perhaps Eisav was touched by the huge gift or he genuinely felt joy at seeing his brother for the first time in around 35 years; however Yaakov, was still fearful of his brother, and rejected Eisav’s offer that they should dwell together.
Eisav met all of Yaakov’s family for the first time, interestingly enough, Yaakov’s daughter, Dina, was hidden in a box, so to avoid if Eisav was to see her, he would want to marry her. The sages in fact said that if Dina was at the end seen by Eisav, and they did end up marrying each other, it could have potentially brought about a huge change in Eisav for the better and may have made him completely repent for all his past misdeeds, however it wasn’t to be. The Sages furthermore, criticize and suggest that all punishments that was to befall Dina and Yaakov later on within regards to Shechem and Yosef respectively were brought about in retribution by not encouraging a marriage between Eisav and Dina, this teaches us how important it is try and help and assist our fellow Jews or neighbors to repent for past misdeeds, change there ways for the better if they are in a troubled state and bring them about on the correct path, as we have the potential to change many lives for the good with positive actions we may be unaware about.
Shechem, a Caananite prince, then abducted and violated Dina (Pirkei D'Rav Eliezer 37), Yaakov’s daughter. In return for Dina’s hand in marriage, the prince and his father, Shechem, suggested that Yaakov and his family should intermarry and enjoy the fruits of Caananite prosperity. However in retribution, Yaakov’s sons, still fuming from Shechem’s outrageous behavior, feigned the agreement; however, they stipulated that all the males of the city must undergo circumsion, in order for the deal to take effect. (Bereishit 34:15)
Shimon and Levi, two of Dina’s brothers, entered the town of Shechem and executed all the males in the city who were weakened by the circumcision. (Bereishit 34:25) This action was justified as no one in the city of Shechem objected to the shocking behavior of Shechem, also proving that they had no proper judicial system which is a violation to one of the Noachide laws.
G-d then commanded Yaakov to go to the land of Beit-kel and build an altar and sacrifice an offering to Hashem. His mother’s nurse, Devorah, died and was buried below Beit-kel. G-d then appeared again to Yaakov, blessed him and changed his name to Yisrael – a name signifying the Jewish people. (Bereishit 35:10)
While traveling from the land of Succot, Rachel went into labor and gave birth to Binyamin, the twelfth of the tribes of Israel. Unfortunately, She died in childbirth and was buried on the Beit Lechem Road, her death in fact was due to the curse Yaakov had brought upon the person who stole Lavan’s ‘Idols’ in last weeks reading – without realizing it he in fact cursed Rachel as she stole and hid Lavan’s idols (Bereishit 31:32). Yaakov then built a monument for her. The Parshah then mentions Yitzchak passing away at the age of 180 and was buried by his sons. The reading concludes by listing Eisav’s descendants.
The Haftorah from this weeks reading is from the book of ‘Ovadia’, who was a later prophet and also converted to Judaism, an Edomite convert.
I would like to dedicate this Dvar Torah to the Yahrzeit of my Uncle, ‘Dovid Ben Shalom Shlomo.’
Have a great Shabbat, Shabbat Shalom!!
Occupy Shabbat
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Parshat Vayera
Dvar Torah - By Michael Zerubavel The reading through continues where we left removed from a week ago, Avraham was circumcised at age 99. The 3rd next day of a circumcision is considered to be probably the most painful day however G-d visited Avraham around the third day to exhibit him honor for getting completed the commandment also to acknowledge he had now been elevated to greater spiritual plateau.Regardless of the painful wound, Avraham yearned so greatly to possess visitors, he sitting outdoors his tent, awaiting the appearance of visitors to ensure that he could bring them into his house for any meal. In reaction G-d sent him three angels within the guise of individuals, and Abraham went to greet them in and personally serve them. Younger crowd urged his boy, Ishmael into service, for that education from the youth should be practical preaching about functions of kindness will fail to offer the ideal result unless of course it's aided with functions of kindness. Avraham said excitedly he'd provide them with ‘little bread and water’ however he offered them an enormous luxurious meal, in Pirkei Avot there's an argument that states a Righteous guy should ‘say little and perform a lot.’ Avraham is famous through history because the guy of Chesed (carrying out functions of kindness). He was at the office 24 hrs every single day, getting people nearer to the religion, getting a wide open house and greeting everybody he saw with enthusiasm. Every task he did in existence was completed having a smile. The Gemorah states that after one smiles at someone else it is just like ‘giving a mug of milk’ to your partner, along with a smile is really healthy it may change a person's day and also have a tremendous positive ripple effect, an enormous easy mitzvah. Among the goals of Torah study would be to help a person internalise the Torah into his character to enhance his guy to guy associations. In addition the truly amazing sage, Rabbi Yochanan Ben Zakai, was one of the main Torah sages 100 years following the destruction from the second temple, he wasn’t seen walking four meters without learning Torah, however he always welcomed everyone he walked past first whether he understood them or otherwise, the cruellest guy on the market place, it shows how important it's to acknowledge and just how treat others within the religion. The reading through continues because the three angels guised as humans associated with Avraham that Sara gives birth, however Sara chuckled in the blessing and was responsible for not responding to Amen, as she thought it was tough to believe she could give birth at age 90. Sara is referred to to be among the four moms and was probably the most righteous women throughout history, also always practicing functions of kindness, Avraham would usually bring the males nearer to G-d and Sara works around the women. The reading through continues using the destruction from the town of Sodom. Lot and the two kids will be the only people saved in the city through the help of an angel. The chapter then is constantly on the relate the birth and arrival of Moav and Ammon, presenting the seed by which Moshiach will ultimately originate from as Ruth and David are descendants of Moav. The reading through continues as Avraham and Sara visited towards the Philistia land, and once more Avraham pretended to become the brother of Sara, nevertheless the plan labored with no success and Avimelech, the KIng from the Pelishtim, kidnapped Sara. Quickly Avimelech came back Sara from great fear as G-d made an appearance to Avimelech inside a dream ordering him to provide Sara to Avraham. To avoid Avimelech from forcing Sara to reside with him, he was temporarily punished with impotence. The Parshah continues using the birth of Isaac, the way of his birth was miraculous - that the lady who had been infertile even just in her youth were built with a child in the age 90 - established the character of G-d’s selected people. This shows us the important thing to conception like a number of other things in existence have been in G-d’s hands. The reading through then continues explaining a peace treaty which was made between Avraham and Avimelech for an additional three decades. The parshah concludes explaining the tenth trial of Avraham, the binding of Isaac around the alter, because the Ram is sacrificed on G-d’s command instead of Isaac. The Haftorah with this week’s parshah originates from the 2nd book of Nobleman, chapter 4. The Haftorah describes the way the prophet, Elisha assisted a lady so poor that they only possessed just one jar of oil. She is at huge debt, and her creditor was going to take her children into slavery as settlement. Elisha informed her to gain access to empty ships and start flowing her oil in to these ships. To her amazement, as lengthy as there have been ships to become filled, the oil continuously ran. She then had ample Oil to market and repay her financial obligations. I must dedicate this Dvar Torah within the memory of my late Grandfather who died 17 years back now, his Hebrew title is Shalom Shlomo Ben Nauriel. We do hope you all possess a fantastic Shabbat, Shabbat Shalom!.
Parshat Lech Lecha
Shalom! It’s exceptional season again, Parshat Lech Lecha!!At the outset of this days Torah reading through, G-d notifies Avram to depart his land, his relatives and the father's house and visit a mystery destination where G-d would transform him right into a great nation. Avram left, and required with him his wife Sarai, his nephew Lot, their servants, and individuals whom he transformed into belief in G-d. Avram was the very first so known as ‘out achieve (Kiruv) worker’ coupled with phenomenal success in assisting people discover the methods of G-d, he always had his tent opened up to anybody who desired to are available in for any meal, for any conversation, he adopted the methods of G- d called the most friendly and well loved of males of his era. He honored everybody he met, welcomed all people and that we study from him an essential lesson Pirkei Avot asks ‘who may be the truly honored person?’ the solution given is ‘one who gives recognition with other people.’ Avram checked out the great in most people and introduced these to stick to the methods for G-d completely with pleasure and happiness. Once they arrived at the land of Canaan, G-d made an appearance to Avram and told him that this is actually the land he can give to his descendants. Starvation then ensued quickly within the land and Avram ended up being instructed to relocate to Egypt to locate food. Recognizing that his wife’s beauty could cause his dying in the hands from the Egyptians, Avram asked for her to do something as his sister. Sarai was come to Pharaoh, however G-d stricken Pharaoh and the court with severe plagues to be able to prevent Pharaoh from co habiting with Sarai, and she or he was launched unmolested (Bloggers state that Pharaoh was the very first guy to be affected by leprosy). Avram then came back to Eretz Yisrael (Canaan) with much wealth provided to him through the Egyptians, because it was customary within the past when getting married to off ones sister within the scriptural era, the guy getting married to the lady would shower the household from the bride with gifts and cash. The reading through continues by having an argument which breaks out between Avram’s shepherds and Lot’s shepherds, within the grazing privileges between their lands as Lot’s shepherds were grazing their creatures in fields that have been not their own. Lot and Avram then moved on different locations, Lot made a decision to proceed to the wealthy but much corrupt land of Sodom (a town which we'll find out about within the next days Torah reading through). Lot is right after taken, within the ‘first ever World War’ between your Four nobleman from the Five nobleman, the 4 nobleman defeated the ‘Five kings’ plus they consequently taken Lot. An unlikely hero walked directly into inform Avram that his nephew, Lot, have been taken, which was the giant from the title ‘OG.’ He informed Avram, having a hidden motive, with Avram likely to fight from the Four Nobleman, he was sure Avram could be wiped out, that will enable him with now to marry the gorgeous Sarai. Despite OG’s hidden agenda, he was still being compensated having a very lengthy existence, which implies that when one works a mitzvah insincerely they still can get reward for carrying out them. The victory was miraculous for Avram as numerous opinions state that it had been themself and the servant, Eliezer, who could defeat the 4 nobleman as well as their armies, which proves just how much Avram had G-d on his side. The Torah portion continues having a prophetic covenant, G-d revealed to Avram that his offspring is going to be exiled to some strange land where they'll be oppressed for 400 years, after which it they'd emerge loaded and go back to Eretz Yisrael, their irrevocable inheritance. The reading through then continues, relevant towards the birth of Yishmael. Sarai was barren and gave Hagar, her Egyptian hands-maiden (daughter of Pharaoh), to Avram with the hope that they will give them a young child. Hagar then grew to become arrogant when she learned that she was pregnant. Sarai consequently worked roughly together with her, and Hagar fled. Around the instruction of the angel, Hagar came back to Avram, after which delivered Yishmael. The Torah reading through then concludes with G-d commanding Avram to circumcise themself and the offspring through the decades like a Divine covenant. Circumcision must always occur around the eight next day of the infant being born, however different conditions prevents it being occurred on that day. The Haftorah of the days Torah reading through is obtained from chapter 40 within the book of Yeshaya. I must thank everyone for that very positive feedback I've been receiving around the Dvar Torah’s! This Dvar Torah continues to be sponsered by Moshe Ben Shalom Shlomo, for hatzlacha and refuah shelaima of Michael nauriel Ben Miriam. We do hope you all possess a fantastic day and Incredible Shabbat!!!! Shabbat Shalom!
Succot
Chag Sameach! The festival of Succot commemorates the shelter that G-d provided the Jewish people with, in the wilderness for forty years. By dwelling in succah's for the week of Succot, we remember how for forty years in the wilderness G-d protected the Jewish nation with the ‘clouds of glory.’ Succot is a time of rejoicing and happiness in G-d’s concern for our well being.
The biblical name of the festival is, "The Feast of Ingathering,'' it is a festival that starts on the 15th Tishrei. Sukkot was regarded as a thanksgiving for the bounty of nature in the year that had passed.
Sukkot became one of the most important feasts in the religion, maybe because of its huge attendance, Sukkot became the appropriate time for vital state ceremonies. Moses instructed the children of Israel to gather for a reading of the Law during Sukkot every seventh year (featured in Vayelech). We learn that King Solomon dedicated the Temple in Jerusalem on Sukkot (we learn in book of Kings and Chronicles). And Sukkot was the first sacred occasion observed after the resumption of sacrifices in Jerusalem following the Babylonian exile (as we learn in the book of Ezra). The festival is also described in Parshah Emor in the book of Vayikra.
A major element of Succot is the shaking of the ‘four species,’ the Etrog (citron), Lulav ( palm branch), the Hadasim (myrtle leaves) and the Aravot (willow branches). By holding all four of the species together during Succot, we symbolize the need of a person to utilize all his faculties in the service of G-d.
As well as this, each of the four species symbolizes a different type of Jew: - The Etrog (which has a good taste and pleasant aroma) symbolizes an individual who is learned in Torah and righteous. An example of these people in the Tanach would be Moshe who was both exceedingly humble and also spent 120 days in heaven learning the entire Torah. Another person that fits in this category is King David as all his thoughts and acts were in the service of Hashem and he was extremely learned in Torah.
The Myrtle (which has a pleasant aroma but has no taste) symbolizes a righteous individual who is deficient in Torah. An example of this is the Judge ‘Yiftach’. He was a sincere, G-d fearing man, who as a youngster was driven out of his town by his brothers and his fellow people for no good reason. The leaders of the town did not stick up for him and he left Israel in order not to retaliate, thus he was worthy of becoming a leader as Hashem’s presence rests among the man who walks away from an argument when he is in the right. He was worthy to be the judge for the Jewish people for six years however his lack of Torah knowledge later on proved to be his downfall as a leader.
The Lulav (which has a good taste but no aroma) symbolizes a Torah scholar who is deficient in good deeds. An example of this could be Korach, he knew and studied torah to a high level, however he instigated a rebellion against the leader of the Jewish people - Moshe, whilst in the Wilderness.
The Willow (which has no taste and no aroma) symbolizes an individual who lacks good deeds and Torah.
Succot is the only festival that our prayers describe as ‘the time of our joy.’ This is because Succot is a time when the individual and the nation have succeeded in attaining a long sought objective, both in a physical and spiritual sense. Agriculturally, it is the time when the summer’s produce is gathered. It is also the culmination of the Tishrei process of atonement and repentance, when we succeed in cleansing ourselves of sin.
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Hope you all have a lovely Succot, Chag Sameach! |
Dvar Torah By - Michael Zerubavel
Rabbi Shlomo Torah for Rosh Hashana
Why do we bless each other to have a good year, if we all know that we have to repent in order to have a good year?
There are to kinds of prayer, you can pray about yourself and you can bless somebody else to fix himself.
It is much more powerful to bless others they would have the energy and strength to change themselves.
Why do I need the holly temple, if I can fix myself?
I pray for the fixing of the holly temple because I want to do the fixing of the whole world.
Doing Kindness in Judaism
Here is a Dvar Torah in memory of my friend Ben Bernstein, who would have been 30 years of age today. He lived a life how a man should lead, especially with his attitude in his enthusiasm and motivation in carrying out different tasks day to day.
In Judaism, one has many mitzvah’s (commandments) to do throughout the day, however on many times it is necessary to carry them out with enthusiasm and energy, as one is doing G-d’s will to show they appreciate it when doing it. Ben was a man who always did every task during the day with the same great enthusiasm, others would see his motivation and always get inspired, to this day many, including myself have been encouraged by his motivation when carrying out tasks during the day, whether when doing religious activity or social activities. There is a concept in the religion that if one does a mitzvah, they get credited with the mitzvah, however if done with joy and enthusiasm, it is worth 1000 times the value!! Ben was always a man wanting to give and share with others, always cooking much extra food when making a meal, so that others could share with pleasure. We will learn in Parshat Vayeira, how Avraham served his guests with total honour and joy, the best possible food, achieving the important mitzvah of doing a great act of kindness, this is what Ben Bernstein always tried to do.
He would always compliment his friends and others making them feel good about themselves, there were few people with a sad face when they were with Ben, he always gave everyone a huge confidence boost! Addressing his friends as naming them ‘Chief’ or even ‘King!’
Doing mitzvot in a motivated manner, can inspire others. When learning in university, Ben would take on many Torah studying sessions, host various Friday night meals, engage with many in spiritual discussions, and to a phenomenal extent inspired a lot of people into the religion, he looked at everyone equally, just the way a Jew is meant to behave. For example, if someone was upset, he would cheer them up, an important moral thing to do!
He hated speaking or hearing bad words about other people, he was careful in not speaking Lashon Hara or listening to Lashon Hara about others.
He is accumulating credit in Mitzvah’s to this day as many are doing more good acts in his merit as they were inspired by him to do it, each mitzvah they do, Ben gets part of that Mitzvah!!
He carried out his work chores with enthusiasm, he could be working in a job and make it seem fun, inspire others to work harder, he would be dedicated in his studies, making it a priority to be successful and gain a good grade; this inspired others to do well also. In Judaism, one is encouraged to work hard to the best of the capabilities. He was always looking to do a kindness where ever he went, he would greet people in the street, making them in turn feel good about themselves. If someone felt left out in a crowd, whether in school, university or in his social circles, he would go right up to them and make them feel important and show honour to them. In the Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) the question is posed, who is the truly honoured person?? It is the one who honours everyone else.
We should all try and emulate Ben in the way he tried do kindness with his positive and enthusiastic attitude, may his merit always live on.
His Hebrew name is Benyomin Ben Mordechai, please everyone say a prayer for his soul and do acts of kindness in his merit with joy, enthusiasm and motivation!! Have a great week!! Shavua Tov!!
If you want to read more about him, check out his memorial website at http://www.benbernstein.co.uk
Article By - Michael Zerubavel


